Oral implant is also known as dental implant, also known as artificial root.

It is implanted into the maxilla and mandible of the missing teeth in the way of surgical operation. After the surgical wound is healed, the upper part of the denture is installed to repair the denture.

Dental implants usually need to use dental drill bit, dental abutment, dental screw and other dental tools.

Dental implants are made of

(1) Body: the part of the body that is implanted with denture

(2) Neck

(3) It is composed of pile or abutment.

1. Body: it is the part of implant implanted into human tissue. According to the implantation site, it can be divided into: A. implanted in the periosteum or B. implanted in the soft tissue.

2. Neck: it is the part connecting the body with the foundation pile or abutment. 3. Pile or abutment: it is the exposed part of dental implant outside the mucosa, which provides support, retention and stability for the upper structure of artificial denture.

According to the different materials, dental implants can be divided into

1. Metal and alloy materials: including gold, 316L stainless steel (iron chromium nickel alloy), cast cobalt chromium molybdenum alloy, titanium and alloy, etc.

2. Ceramic materials: including Bio inert ceramics, bioactive ceramics, biodegradable ceramics, etc.

3. Carbon materials: including glass carbon, low temperature isotropic carbon, etc.

4. Polymer materials: including acrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, poly maple, etc.

5. Composite materials, i.e. the combination of two or more materials, such as ceramic coating on metal surface.

At present, the commonly used materials for dental implants are pure titanium and titanium alloy, bioactive ceramics and some composite materials.

Oral implants were divided into three groups according to the implant mode and implant site

1. Intraosseous implant: the implant is located in the jaw

2. Subperiosteal implant: the implant is located on the bone surface under the mucoperiosteal

3. Endodontic implant: the implant is located in the root canal after root canal treatment

4. Bone penetrating implant: the implant was implanted into the mandible from the lower edge of mandible, and the periosteum of alveolar ridge was transferred.